بررسی کارایی کنه‌کش‌های مختلف برای کنترل کنه قرمز اروپایی (Koch) Panonychus ulmi در باغ‌های سیب چند استان کشور

The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch is one of the most important pests of apple orchards in different parts of Iran. The present study was conducted in apple orchards of Esfahan, East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan provinces with 9 treatments. Treatments were, Oberon 24% SC 0.5 ml/l (recommended dose), Oberon 24% SC 0.4 ml/l, Danisaraba 20% SC 1 ml/l (recommended dose), Danisaraba 20% SC 0.8 ml/l, Baroque 10% SC 0.4 ml/l (recommended dose), Propargite 57% EC 1 ml/l (recommended dose), Ortos 0.5 ml/L (recommended dose), Envidor 0.5 ml/l (recommended dose) and a check treatment by spraying water. Each treatment had four replicates. The percentage of treatment efficiency was calculated by the Henderson-Tilton method. The average number of mites per leaf was counted one day before and 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after spraying. Statistical analysis was done using SAS soft wares with randomized complete block design in multiple spaces. Statistical differences among means were evaluated using Tukey test (95%). Results showed that both proposed acaricides, Oberon and Danisaraba had a good effect on the control of the European red mites in apple orchards in the above-mentioned provinces. Oberon (0.4 ml/l( had caused in Esfahan, East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan provinces 99.01± 0.57%, 98.0± 0.57% and 87.56± 4.29%, Oberon (0.5 ml/l( 96.84± 0.67%, 94.44± 1.98% and 87.61± 2.53% , Danisaraba (0.8 ml/l) 67.57± 2.92%, 99.32± 0.68% and 97.32± 1.22% and Danisaraba (1 ml/l) 74.49± 1.76%, 97.61± 1.36% and 97.32± 1.22% of mortality respectively, while the percent mortality of mites in these provinces were reported for Baroque 69.93± 1.69%, 98.87± 0.67% and 65.74± 1.1%, Propargite 78.75± 1.25%, 98.33± 0.26% and 84.67± 3.51%, Ortos 89.49± 2.86%, 71.43± 9.99% and 20.71± 2.86% and Envidor 81.13± 2.12%, 85.33± 7.77% and 84.67 ±3.51% respectively. The efficacy of Oberon (0.4 and 0.5 ml/l) in Esfahan, East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan provinces were (98.73± 0.74, 98.71± 0.75%), (85.87± 9.41, 65.17±1.42%) and (87.79+8.84, 85.50+4.31) and Danisaraba (0.8 and 1ml/l) (89.55±3.64, 72.71±1.36%), (96.71±2.11, 92.33±2.67%) and (99.31±0.68%, 99.31±0.68%) respectively after 28 days that indicated the persistence of these acaricides. In most of the provinces, the mortality percentage of mites with two tested doses did not show any significant differences. Based on the results, we recommend the 0.8 ml/lit dose of Danisaraba and 0.4 ml/lit dose of Oberon for the control of the European red mite in apple orchards.