بررسی پتانسیل بازدارندگی نانو ذرات نقره و مس در شرایط آزمایشگاه بر تفریخ تخم نماتد ریشه گره‌ای (Meloidogyne javanica)

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most important plant parasitic nematodes that cause great damage to horticultural and agricultural crops. Achieving the most effective management method with the least adverse effects is essential to control this nematode. In this regard, metal-based nanoparticle technology has a new potential for transformation in sustainable agriculture, so that by increasing the contact area reduces the consumption of chemicals and on the other hand provides effective control of pathogens along with increasing nutrient uptake for plants. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory potential of silver and copper nanoparticles from hatching root-knot nematode eggs at 96 and 144 hours after treatment. For this purpose, nematode suspension was prepared and 100 microliters of it containing 100 nematode eggs were added to ELISA plate wells. The above nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method and different concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 μg ml-1 were prepared in separate microtubes and 100 μl was added to the relevant wells. Distilled water was used for the control treatment and for each treatment, four replications were considered. The plates were covered with plastic lids and stored in the dark at 27°C and this experiment was repeated twice. After 96 hours, the percentage of egg hatching was calculated by counting the number of larvae in each well. The average percentage of egg hatching in treatments related to silver nanoparticles with concentrations of zero, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 μg ml-1, respectively, equal to 62.46, 59.50, 48.50, 44.13, 36.66, 29.6 and 24.05 respectively. Also, the average percentage of egg hatching in treatments related to copper nanoparticles with the above concentrations were equal to 63.26, 58.70, 55.88, 52.60, 51.59, 49.81 and 34.13 respectively. The results of 144 hours were similar to 96 hours. The results showed that different concentrations of silver nanoparticles induced a significant decrease (p<0.01) in the hatching percentage of root-knot nematodes, so that at concentrations of 1000 and 2000 μg ml-1 the lowest hatching percentage was observed. Also, different concentrations of copper nanoparticles induced a significant decrease (p<0.01) in the percentage of egg hatching, so that at a concentration of 2000 μg ml-1 the lowest percentage of egg hatching was obtained. In general, in the case of silver and copper nanoparticles, concentrations of 2000 μg ml-1 showed the highest percentage of inhibition.