بررسی آغشته سازی ریشه با آربوسکولار میکوریز (گونه های جنس (Glomusدر اطراف ریشه سه پایه رایج مرکبات در شرق استان مازندران

To determine the percentage of root colonization in citrus, citrus and orange rootstock, from roots of 70 samples (hair roots) kept in FAA solution (formalin, acetic acid and 5% ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 90: 5: 5) were used. Root staining was performed by Phillips and Hyman method. After staining the roots with lactophenol solution, fungal organs include vesicles and arbuscule in the form of bold dots within cortex cells and fungal hyphae are visible in the form of blue thread-like filaments in the root cell space. Finally, a permanent slide of the roots was prepared using lactophenol.The percentage of colonization was determined according to Bierman and Linderman methods. Based on this method, fragments of stained roots (one hundred and one centimeter pieces) were examined under a light microscope (Olympus model CH2) and the rate of colonization was calculated for each rootstock by estimating the length of the root that was infected with fungal structures (vesicles, arbuscles and hyphae). To extract spores from soil samples by wet sieving and centrifugation with sucrose and to prepare permanent slides of spores for identification, a 1: 1 volume mixture of polyvinyl lactoglycerol (PVLG) and Melzer reagent was used. The results of this study showed that only one species of fungal spores was observed in the root tissue of Citrange, Citromello and Orange rootstocks, which after examining soil samples, the only spores observed in the soil, as Belonged to Funneliformis mosseae. Although cell colonization has been observed in the tissues of all three roots, but, due to the fact that arbuscular fungi hardly form spores in root tissue, spores of other species were not observed. The highest and lowest colonization rates were observed in orange and citrus rootstocks, respectively. The results of previous findings indicate the abundance of Funneliformis species in Iranian soils and the establishment of proper relationship between this genus and citrus rootstocks. Therefore, based on the results of this study and previous findings, it is possible to justify the high percentage of colonization by the fungus in the citrus base.There is a significant difference between the percentage of colonization of different bases in several rootstocks. Primarily high colonization rate does not necessarily mean high quality symbiotic relationship and, according to sources, even at low percentages of higher quality than is observe symbiotic relationship