تاثیر فرمولاسیون سه ماده معدنی بر کنترل Botrytis cinerea ، عامل بیماری پوسیدگی خاکستری میوه توت‌فرنگی

Gray mold is one of the most important diseases of strawberries worldwide. Botrytis cinerea is an opportunistic necrotrophic pathogen that rapidly causes fruit rot under favorable conditions. Creating resistance and changing the population of this genus against fungicides is very common. The use of organic pesticides raises environmental and food safety concerns. Today, minerals play an important role in controlling plant diseases. The antimicrobial activity of salt solutions has been widely described in laboratories and their effectiveness against plant diseases of various fruits and vegetables has been proven. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the ability of formulated minerals to control B. cinerea on strawberry fruit. Minerals tested included: sodium metasulfite, sodium selenite, and borax. In this experiment, two castor oils and flaxseed (10%), twin 20-spin 80 (10%) were used as a carrier and surfactant for formulation. First, these compounds were evaluated at 5 levels in vitro and effective levels in fungal control were used for experiments on strawberries. The fruits were infected with the spore suspension of the disease agent by foliar application and after 48 hours were treated with minerals formulated in two doses of one in one thousand and two per thousand and for 24 hours at 20 ° C, then 72 hours at 10 ° C. Celsius and after 24 hours were stored at 25 ° C. The results showed that sodium metasulfite at a dose of two per thousand with 5% contamination and a dose of one per thousand with 10% contamination, borax at a dose of two per thousand with 15% contamination and a dose of one per thousand with 20% contamination. Evaluations showed that there was no significant difference between the formulations. According to sodium selenite tests in these two doses caused fruit loss and disease control. Thus, sodium metabisulfite at a dose of two per thousand was most effective in controlling the disease and can be used in the harvest stage to prevent gray rot in the post-harvest stages.