بررسی فعالیت آمیلازی و سلولازی چند قارچ خاکزی

Fungi are microorganisms that are scattered all over the world. Study and study of the behavior and function of these microorganisms. Useful information in various fields such as production and secretion of various enzymes, production of toxic compounds or compounds used in industry, food, cosmetics, etc. The process gives us some of these microorganisms have the ability to produce some enzymes such as cellulase, amylase, etc. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar. Starch-degrading enzymes such as amylase have attracted much attention due to their perceived technological importance. In this study, the yield of four soil fungi Hypoxylon investiens, Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium rubidurum with three replications in a minimal medium including FeSo4.H2O, ZnSo4, ((NH4) 2So4), CaPl, CaCl And urea with three different substrates of starch, rice husk and CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) were studied. To achieve this, every two days for a month, glucometry and protein measurement were performed by spectrophotometer. According to the obtained data and graph drawing as well as data analysis with Statistics10 software, the obtained data had a significant difference (p≤0.1). All fungi had an acceptable ability to produce sugar from starch in the environment, but among them Fusarium oxysporum had the highest sugar production in CMC and starch and Penicillium rubidurum had the highest sugar production in the shell of rice. Also in the case of protein assay, the highest amount of spectrophotometric absorption in CMC medium belonged to to Fusarium oxysporum on the 12th day, the highest amount of absorption in rice husk medium on the 18th day of Chaetomium globosums and in starch medium Fusarium oxysporum had the highest amount of absorption. This results indicates the high ability of these fungi to produce cellulase and amylase in response to various substrates.