مقایسه عملکرد شش هیبرید کرم‌ابریشم ایرانی و وارداتی در شرایط استاندارد پرورشی

In recent years some high-yielding hybrids have been imported from China to rear by sericulturalists. In the present study, the performance of six hybrids including four Chinese hybrids Baiyue × Qiufeng (BQ), Qiufeng × Baiyue (QB), 872 × 871, 871 × 872, and two Iranian hybrids 151 × 154 and 154 × 151 were compared in the controlled and standard conditions in animal husbandry farm of the Agricultural Faculty of the University of Guilan. Silkworm hybrids were massively reared with three replications. The studied traits included performance of each box, good cocoon weight, good cocoons number, number and weight of cocoon per liter, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell percentage and pupal mortality percentage. The analysis of variance showed that the difference between the hybrids was significant for all traits (P <0.05). In addition, the difference between the maximum and minimum values was significant for all traits (P <0.05). The results of the present study showed that the 871×872 hybrid had the highest performance of a silkworm box and good cocoon number traits, and QB hybrid had the lowest performance. The 872×871 hybrid and QB hybrid had the highest and lowest weight of good cocoon, respectively. The QB hybrid had the highest number (smaller cocoons) and 872×871 hybrid had the lowest number (larger cocoons) of cocoon per liter, which indicates the size of cocoon. The 154×151 Iranian hybrid showed the highest and BQ hybrid the lowest cocoon weight per liter. The 151×154 Iranian hybrid and the QB Chinese hybrid had the heaviest and lightest cocoons, respectively. The highest cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell percentage, which represents the quantity of silk filament, was for 872×871 hybrid, but the lowest value of cocoon shell weight was for QB and the lowest cocoon shell percentage for BQ. The percentage of pupal mortality, which is an indicator of survival and disease resistance, was highest in 872×871 hybrid and the lowest for its reciprocal cross (871×872 hybrid), however it was not significantly different from QB and BQ values. The results of the present showed that Chinese hybrids in most cases had a relative superiority for viability traits. However, both QB and BQ hybrids showed the lowest values of cocoon weight indices.